Fig. 7. Assignment of Genes to Specific Chromosomes. The number of genes assigned (mapped) to specific chromosomes has greatly increased since the first autosomal (i.e., not on the X or Y chromosome) marker was mapped in 1968. Most of these genes have been mapped to specific bands on chromosomes. The acceleration of chromosome assignments is due to (1) a combination of improved and new techniques in chromosome sorting and band analysis, (2) data from family studies, and (3) the introduction of recombinant DNA technology. [Source: adapted from Victor A. McKusick, Current Trends in Mapping Human Genes, The FASEB Journal 5(1), 12 (1991).]