CHROMOSOMES


Cell-chromosomes As you look at the nucleus, you will notice small objects that look like Xs. These are what we call chromosomes. Chromosomes consist of DNA. DNA encodes genes which are responsible for the information for protein synthesis. When a cell duplicates, all chromosomes will duplicate and divide so that each new cell will contain the same number of chromosomes, and therefore the same heritable information. A pig cell carries 18 chromosomes plus the sex chromosomes. A female will have two X chromosomes, and the male will have an X and a Y. These two chromosomes are what we call sex chromosomes.