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As you look at the nucleus, you will notice small objects that look like
Xs. These are what we call chromosomes. Chromosomes consist of DNA.
DNA encodes genes which are responsible for the information for
protein synthesis. When a cell duplicates, all chromosomes will
duplicate and divide so that each new cell will contain the same number
of chromosomes, and therefore the same heritable information. A pig
cell carries 18 chromosomes plus the sex chromosomes. A female will
have two X chromosomes, and the male will have an X and a Y. These two
chromosomes are what we call sex chromosomes.
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